Image source: Unknown photographer
Overview: Winfield Scott Hancock commanded the Union Second Corps and played a central role in organizing the Union defense on Cemetery Hill and Cemetery Ridge.
Before Gettysburg: Known for his composure under fire, Hancock had built a strong combat record earlier in the war, including at Antietam and Fredericksburg.
Role at Gettysburg: After the first day’s fighting, Hancock helped organize retreating Union forces on Cemetery Hill. On July 3, his corps held the center of the Union line against Pickett’s Charge, and Hancock was wounded during the fighting.
After Gettysburg: Hancock recovered and continued to serve, later running for president as the Democratic candidate in 1880.
Why This Story Matters: Hancock’s leadership at the moment of the Union’s greatest vulnerability, on the evening of July 1 and again during Pickett’s Charge, was critical to holding the Union line.