Image source: Unknown photographer
Overview: Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain commanded the 20th Maine Infantry and is closely associated with the defense of Little Round Top on July 2, 1863.
Before Gettysburg: A former college professor from Maine, Chamberlain had joined the Union army in 1862 and risen quickly through the ranks despite having no formal military training.
Role at Gettysburg: Positioned at the extreme left of the Union line on Little Round Top, Chamberlain’s regiment came under repeated Confederate attack. Running low on ammunition, he ordered a bayonet charge that helped repulse the assault and secure the Union flank.
After Gettysburg: Chamberlain continued to serve through the end of the war, was wounded multiple times, and later became Governor of Maine.
Why This Story Matters: The defense of Little Round Top became one of the most celebrated episodes of the battle, symbolizing the high stakes riding on a relatively small stretch of the Union line.